====== Lua conditionals ======

Conditionals in Lua allow your script to make decisions based on whether certain conditions are true or false. These conditions are typically expressions that evaluate to a boolean value (true or false). Lua supports several types of conditional statements, like if, if-else, if-elseif-else

===== If statement =====

The if statement is the simplest form of conditional statement in Lua. It executes a block of code only if the specified condition evaluates to true.

Example:

<code>

local userplaysminiworld = true

if userplaysminiworld == true then
    print("The user plays mini world!")
end

</code>

===== Else statement =====

The else statement is used in conjunction with the if statement to execute a block of code when the condition evaluates to false.

<code>

local exp = 25

if exp > 30 then
    print("You have leveled up")
else
    print("You are close to leveling up ")
end


</code>

===== Elseif statement =====

The elseif statement allows you to check multiple conditions sequentially after the initial if condition. It provides an alternative condition to check if the initial condition evaluates to false.

<code>
local score = 85

if score >= 90 then
    print("You got an A!")
elseif score >= 80 then
    print("You got a B!")
elseif score >= 70 then
    print("You got a C!")
else
    print("Better luck next time!")
end

</code>

===== Relational operators =====

They are used to compare values and determine the relationship between them. Here are the relational operators in Lua:

  - <: Less than
  - >: Greater than
  - <‎=: Less than or equal to
  - >=: Greater than or equal to
  - ==: Equal to
  - ~=: Not equal to

Example:

<code>

local x = 10
local y = 20

if x < y then
    print("x is less than y.")
end

if x == 10 then
    print("x is equal to 10.")
end

</code>

===== Logical operators =====

There exist three logical operators **and**,**or**,**not** they work this way:

  * and: Returns true if all of the current comparations are true, otherwise returns false.
  * or: Returns true if at least one of the current comparatios are true, otherwise returns false.
  * not: Reverses the logical state of the current comparation.

Example:

<code>

local x = 10
local y = 20

if x > 0 and y > 0 then
    print("Both x and y are positive.")
elseif x > 0 or y > 0 then
    print("At least one of x and y is positive.")
else
    print("Neither x nor y is positive.")
end

local isRaining = true

if not isRaining then
    print("It's not raining.")
else
    print("It's raining.")
end


</code>